Effluent Treatment Plant or ETP is one type of waste water treatment system which is particularly designed to purify artificial waste water for its exercise and it’s end is to release safe water to terrain from the dangerous effect caused by the effluent.
Industrial backwaters contain colorful accoutrements , depending on the assiduity. Some backwaters contain canvases and grease, and some contain poisonous accoutrements (e.g., cyanide). Backwaters from food and libation manufactories contain degradable organic adulterants.
Since artificial waste water contains a diversity of contaminations and thus specific treatment technology called ETP is needed.
The ETP Plant works at colorful situations and involves colorful physical, chemical, natural and membrane processes to treat waste water from different artificial sectors like chemicals, medicines, medicinal, refineries, dairy, ready blend shops & cloth etc.
Benefits of Effluent Treatment Plant
- To clean assiduity effluent and reclaim it for farther use
- To reduce the operation of fresh water in diligence
- To save natural terrain against pollution
- To meet the norms for emigration of adulterants set by the Government & avoid heavy penalty
- To reduce expenditure on water accession
Industrial Effluent Treatment Process
The treatment of different backwaters varies with the type of effluent. Wastewater enters the effluent or sewage treatment plant and goes through several processes before effluent goes into the terrain. Industrial effluent treatment plants process include the ensuing stages.
A. Preliminary Treatment: Its ideal is physical separation of large sized pollutants. For illustration cloth, paper, plastics, wood logs etc. This position/ process include=
Screening– This is the first unit operation that occurs in waste water treatment shops. A screen is a device with invariant openings and its purpose is to remove large floating solids.
Sedimentation– It’s a physical water treatment process using graveness to remove suspended solids from water.
Grit Chamber– The wastewater that moves into the fortitude chamber removes the thick inorganic solids similar as clay, essence fractions and beach which have made their way into the seamsters. junking of fortitude can help dangerous of pumps & functional difficulties.
Clarifiers– These are tanks erected with mechanical means for nonstop junking of solids being deposited by sedimentation before natural treatment.
B. Primary Treatment Its end is junking of floating and settleable accoutrements similar as suspended solids and organic matter. In this treatment both physical and chemical styles are used. It includes
Flocculation– Flocculation is a physical process and doesn’t involve the neutralization of charge. It involves the addition of destabilized patches together into large summations so that they can be fluently separated from the water.
Coagulation– is a process in which coagulants are added for the purpose of rapid-fire agreement of nanosecond solid patches in a liquid into larger mass. It permits flyspeck junking by sedimentation and for filtration.
Neutralization– The main purpose of this process helps in maintaining the pH range of 6- 9 to meet the conditions of different processing units in ETP system.
Primary Clarifiers– These are used to decelerate the haste of the water to a point where organic solids will settle to the bottom of the tank and it contain an outfit that’s used to remove floating solids and greases from the face.
C. Secondary or natural Treatment The ideal of this treatment is the farther treatment of the effluent from primary treatment to remove the suspended solids and residual organics. In this step natural and chemical processes are involved.
Activated Sludge Process- This is used for treating artificial waste water using air and a natural floc composed of bacteria.
Aerated Lagoons– Is a treatment pond handed with artificial aeration to promote he natural oxidation of waste water.
Trickling Filters– Trickling pollutants, also known as smattering pollutants, are generally used for the natural treatment of domestic sewage and artificial waste water.
Rotating Biological Contactor– It involves allowing the wastewater to come in contact with a natural medium in order to remove adulterants in the wastewater before discharge of the treated wastewater to the terrain.
D. Tertiary/ advanced/ disinfection treatment The purpose of tertiary treatment is to give a final treatment stage to raise the effluent quality to the asked position before it’s reused, reclaimed or discharged to the terrain.
Chemical Coagulation and sedimentation– It’s used to increase the junking of solids from effluent after primary and secondary treatment.
Filtration– The clarified wastewater is first passed through the conterminous filtration plants which contains large sludge blocks to insure high quality water.
Reverse Osmosis– In this process, pressure is used to force effluent through a membrane that retains pollutants on one side and allows the clean water to pass to the other side.
UV Disinfection– It’s considered as an ideal detergent for artificial waste water. It leaves no residual detergent in the water by icing the water quality. It doesn’t produce any disinfection by- products.
Effluent Treatment Plant Design
The design of ETP depends on quality and volume of waste water discharged from the different diligence and land availability. However, also Common Effluent Treatment Plant( CETP) is preferred over Effluent Treatment Plant( ETP), If the vacuity of land in your assiduity is less.
What are the Parameters Standards for ETP Plants?
Effluent from industry must meet the National Standards for waste water set by Government. Effluent Treatment plant ETP or Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) should design & operated in such a way, that it treats the waste water to these standards.
Below are ETP Parameters with standards:
| Parameters | Units | Limits |
| pH | – | 5.5-9.0 |
| Suspended Solids | mg/l | 100 |
| COD | mg/l | 250 |
| Total Dissolved Solids | mg/l | 2100 |
| Total Ammonical Nitrogen | mg/l | 50 |
| BOD 3 Days, 27 0C | mg/l | 100 |
| Oil & Grease | mg/l | 10 |
| Chloride as Cl | mg/l | 600 |
| Sulphate as SO4 | mg/l | 1000 |
| Cyanide | mg/l | 3 |
| Fluoride | mg/l | 2 |
| Lead as pb | mg/l | 0.1 |
| Mercury as Hg | mg/l | 0.01 |
| Nickel as Ni | mg/l | 3 |
| Zinc as Zn | mg/l | 5 |
| Hexavalent Chromium Cr+6 | mg/l | 0.1 |
| Total Metal | mg/l | 10 |
Frequently Asked Questions:
How does ETP work?
The operation of the effluent treatment plant is divided into three categories. Primary Treatment involves separating sludge from the liquid using Sedimentation tanks. Secondary treatment involves the removal of biological or organic matter to reduce the bacterial population. Tertiary wastewater treatment often works by using a combination of physical and chemical processes to remove harmful microbiological contaminants from wastewater.
What is STP operation?
STP Operation involves the separation, removal and disposal of pollutants that exist in the wastewater. The treatment of wastewater is achieved by basic methods or techniques i.e. physical, mechanical, biological and chemical processes to remove impurities from wastewater.
How many levels of treatment are there in ETP?
There are three levels of the wastewater treatment procedure, known as primary (Separate sludge from liquid), secondary (Reduce biological population) and tertiary water treatment (to reduce harmful Chemicals).
What is the use of the ETP plant?
Effluent Treatment Plants or (ETP) are used by most of the companies in various industries to clean water and remove any toxic and non-toxic materials or chemicals from it so that that water can be reused or released in the environment which will do less harm to the environment.
What are the chemicals used in ETP?
As Per MPCB, Below are general chemical used in ETP
1. For pH neutralization: Acids (HCl) and base (NaOH)
2. Coagulant / Settling Aids: Aluminium Sulphate, Ferric Aluminium Sulphate, Ferric Sulphate, Ferric Chloride, these may be independent or in combination with Poly Electrolytes (Polymers)
3. For Specific Ion removal, chemicals required as per chemistry of treatment.
4. Nutrients: Urea, Di-ammonium Phosphate
5. Disinfectant: Chlorine, Bleaching Powder (Sodium Hypo-chlorite), Ozone
6. Adsorption / Absorption: Activated Carbon
7. Ion Exchange – based on the specific ion to be removed.
What is effluent treatment plant?
An Effluent Treatment plant is a unit plat where using multiple methods wastewater is treated for its reuse or safe disposal to the environment. This process reduces the demand of fresh water while keeping environment clean.
What is ETP plant maintenance checklist?
ETP Plant checklists are list of parameters to be checked at regular intervals to keep everything in check. This inspection technique helps inspection more specific, accurate and efficient. There are many types of checklists can vary based on types of plants and experience of managers.
What is the sequence of treatment process in ETP?
There are majorly three stages of wastewater treatment i.e., Primary, Secondary and Tertiary treatment. There are also substages in these processes such as bar screening, Aeration, Clarification, Chlorination, Water analysis, water testing and water disposal.
Why Us as your ETP maintenance vendor?
Our organization is dealing in offering ETP or STP operation & Maintenance Service to medium scale industries. We offer
- Well trained, qualified and experienced operator with expert supervisor to facilitate smooth day to day troubleshooting at operations and maintenance of ETP and STP
- Operators are also trained to maintain all records so that it becomes easier to early signs of irregularity
- Optimum chemical consumption to maximize efficiency
- Achieve outlet norms as per pollution control board
- Preventive maintenance to avoid major breakdown
Our organization Urban STP plant has extensive experience in order to Operate & Maintenance of Effluent Water treatment Plant or Sewage Treatment Plant (ETP or STP). Call: +91-9650608473 or write us at: enquiry@netsolwater.com.
